Table of Contents
|
2
|
1. PURPOSE
|
3
|
2. AUTHORITY
|
3
|
3. COMPOSITION
|
3
|
4. MEETINGS
|
4
|
5. RESPONSIBILITIES
|
4
|
A. Financial Statements
|
4
|
B. Internal Control
|
5
|
C. Internal Audit
|
5
|
D. Independent Audit
|
5
|
E. Compliance
|
6
|
F. Reporting
Responsibilities
|
6
|
G. Other Responsibilities
|
7
|
|
·
|
Recommend
to the Board and to the shareholders the nomination of the independent
auditors and the compensation of the independent auditors, subject to
shareholder approval.
|
|
·
|
Oversee
the work of the independent auditors employed by the Corporation to
conduct the annual audit and quarterly reviews. The independent auditors
will report directly to the Audit
Committee.
|
|
·
|
Resolve
any disagreements between management and the independent auditors
regarding financial reporting.
|
|
·
|
Pre-approve
all auditing and permitted non-audit services performed by the
Corporation's independent auditors, subject to and in accordance with
applicable Canadian and US securities laws, including Section 10A(i)(1)(B)
of the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange
Act”).
|
|
·
|
Retain
independent counsel, accountants, or others to advise the Audit Committee
or assist in the conduct of an
investigation.
|
|
·
|
Seek
any information the Audit Committee requires from employees, all of whom
are directed to cooperate with the Audit Committee's requests, or external
parties.
|
|
·
|
Meet
with Corporation officers, independent auditors, or outside counsel, as
necessary.
|
|
·
|
Retain
such outside counsel, experts or other advisors as the Audit Committee may
deem appropriate in its sole discretion along with approval of related
fees and retention terms.
|
|
·
|
The
Audit Committee may delegate authority to subcommittees, including the
authority to pre-approve all auditing and permitted non-audit services,
providing that such decisions are presented to the full Audit Committee at
its next scheduled meeting.
|
|
·
|
Review
significant accounting and reporting issues and understand their impact on
the financial statements. These issues may
include:
|
|
o
|
Complex
or unusual transactions and highly judgmental
areas;
|
|
o
|
Major
issues regarding accounting principles and financial statement
presentations, including any significant changes in the Corporation's
selection or application of accounting principles;
or
|
|
o
|
The
effect of regulatory and accounting initiatives, as well as off-balance
sheet structures, on the financial statements of the
Corporation.
|
|
·
|
Review
analyses prepared by management and/or the independent auditor setting
forth significant financial reporting issues and judgments made in
connection with the preparation of the financial statements, including
analyses of the effects of alternative GAAP methods on the financial
statements
|
|
·
|
Review
with management and the independent auditors the results of the audit,
including any difficulties encountered. This review will include any
restrictions on the scope of the independent auditor's activities or on
access to requested information, and any significant disagreements with
management.
|
|
·
|
Discuss
the annual audited financial statements and quarterly financial statements
with management and the independent auditors, including the Corporation's
disclosures under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of
Operations."
|
|
·
|
Review
disclosures made by chief executive officer and chief financial officer
during the annual and quarterly certification process about significant
deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls or any fraud
that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in
the Corporation's internal
controls.
|
|
·
|
Discuss
earnings press releases (particularly use of "pro forma," or "adjusted"
non-GAAP, information), as well as financial information and earnings
guidance provided to analysts and rating agencies. This review may be
general (i.e., the types of information to be disclosed and the type of
presentations to be made). The Audit Committee does not need to discuss
each release in advance.
|
|
·
|
Consider
the effectiveness of the Corporation's internal control system, including
information technology security and
control.
|
|
·
|
Understand
the scope of internal and independent auditors' review of internal control
over financial reporting, and obtain reports on significant findings and
recommendations, together with management's
responses.
|
|
·
|
Review
with management and the chief financial officer, the Audit Committee
charter, plans, activities, staffing, and organizational structure of the
internal audit function.
|
|
·
|
Ensure
there are no unjustified restrictions or limitations, and review and
concur in the appointment, replacement, or dismissal of the chief
financial officer.
|
|
·
|
Review
the effectiveness of the internal audit
function.
|
|
·
|
On
a regular basis, meet separately with the chief financial officer to
discuss any matters that the Audit Committee or internal audit believes
should be discussed privately.
|
|
·
|
Review
the independent auditor’s proposed audit scope and approach, including
coordination of audit effort with internal
audit.
|
|
·
|
Review
the performance of the independent auditors, and recommend approval on the
appointment or discharge of the independent auditors to the Board and to
the shareholders. In performing this review, the Audit Committee
will:
|
|
o
|
At
least annually, obtain and review a report by the independent auditor
describing: the firm's internal quality-control procedures; any material
issues raised by the most recent internal quality-control review, or peer
review, of the firm, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental or
professional authorities, within the preceding five years, respecting one
or more independent audits carried out by the firm, and any steps taken to
deal with any such issues; and (to assess the independent auditor's
independence) all relationships between the independent auditor and the
Corporation, including in accordance with Independence Standards Board
Standard 1;
|
|
o
|
Take
into account the opinions of management and internal
audit;
|
|
o
|
Review
and evaluate the lead partner of the independent auditor;
and
|
|
o
|
Present
its conclusions with respect to the independent auditor to the
Board.
|
|
·
|
Ensure
the rotation of the lead audit partner every five years and other audit
partners every seven years, and consider whether there should be regular
rotation of the audit firm itself.
|
|
·
|
Present
its conclusions with respect to the independent auditor to the
Board.
|
|
·
|
Set
clear hiring policies for employees or former employees of the independent
auditors.
|
|
·
|
On
a regular basis, meet separately with the independent auditors to discuss
any matters that the Audit Committee or independent auditors believe
should be discussed privately.
|
|
·
|
Review
the effectiveness of the system for monitoring compliance with laws and
regulations and the results of management's investigation and follow-up
(including disciplinary action) of any instances of
noncompliance.
|
|
·
|
Establish
procedures for: (i) the receipt, retention, and treatment of complaints
received by the Corporation regarding accounting, internal accounting
controls, or auditing matters; and (ii) the confidential, anonymous
submission by employees of the listed issuer of concerns regarding
questionable accounting or auditing
matters.
|
|
·
|
Review
the findings of any examinations by regulatory agencies, and any internal
or independent auditor
observations.
|
|
·
|
Review
and approve in advance any proposed “related person” transactions that the
Corporation is required to disclose in any reports the Corporation is
required to file.
|
|
·
|
Regularly
report to the Board about Audit Committee activities and issues that arise
with respect to the quality or integrity of the Corporation's financial
statements, the Corporation's compliance with legal or regulatory
requirements, the performance and independence of the Corporation's
independent auditors, and the performance of the internal audit
function.
|
|
·
|
Provide
an open avenue of communication between internal audit, the independent
auditors, and the Board.
|
|
·
|
Report
annually to the shareholders, describing the Audit Committee's
composition, responsibilities and how they were discharged, and any other
information required by applicable stock exchange rules or securities
laws, including approval of non-audit
services.
|
|
·
|
Review
the Annual Information Form and report thereon to the
Board.
|
|
·
|
Prepare
the Audit Committee’s annual report for the Corporation’s management proxy
circular.
|
|
·
|
Discuss
with management the Corporation's major policies with respect to risk
assessment and risk management.
|
|
·
|
Perform
other activities related to this Audit Committee charter as requested by
the Board.
|
|
·
|
Institute
and oversee special investigations as
needed.
|
|
·
|
Review
and assess the adequacy of the Audit Committee charter annually,
requesting board of director approval for proposed changes, and ensure
appropriate disclosure as may be required by law or
regulation.
|
|
·
|
Confirm
annually that all responsibilities outlined in this Audit Committee
charter have been carried out.
|
|
·
|
Evaluate
the Audit Committee's and individual members' performance at least
annually.
|
|
|